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APM Professional Telescopes

APM Professional Telescopes

1m F/8 Ritchey Chrétien with dual Nasmyth Foci, Cape Town (South Africa)

Another large telescope for the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO). An 1m F/8 Alt-Az mounted Ritchey Chrétien for robotic use. It has dual Nasmyth Foci. The main telescopes used for research are located at the SAAO observing station (32°22.795’S 20°48,657’E) near Sutherland in the Northern Cape, a 4-hour drive from Cape Town.

ASA Telescopes

ASA600 with DDM200

ASA600 OTA is the perfect fit for the ASA direct drive mounts with absolute encoders. As all ASA telescopes the ASA600 is equipped with quartz glass optics from ASA.

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Andor Cameras

Marana sCMOS Camera

Ultimate Sensitivity Back-illuminated sCMOS for Astronomy & Physical Sciences

marana1Marana
is Andor’s new flagship high performance, vacuum cooled sCMOS camera platform, specifically for applications within physical sciences and astronomy. Designed from the ground up to deliver market leading performance and versatility. Crucially, Marana sCMOS reads out 4.2 Megapixel high resolution arrays in less than 50 milliseconds while maintaining very low read noise; hundreds of times faster than a similar resolution CCD detector. Marana is ideally suited to applications that require exposure times from microseconds through to several seconds.
 
The Most Sensitive Back-illuminated sCMOS
 
Marana 4.2B-11 and new Marana 4.2B-6 back-illuminated sCMOS cameras feature up to 95% Quantum Efficiency combined with Andor’s unique vacuum cooling to -45 °C, minimizing noise. Since back-illuminated sensors are chosen specifically for enhanced sensitivity, it makes sense to choose the most sensitive adaption of this high end technology.
 
How do we benefit from enhanced sensitivity?
  • Space debris & NEO – track smaller objects
  • Detect smaller occultations
  • Lower laser powers – preserve photosensitive samples
  • Shorter exposures – follow fast events, e.g. pulsars and fast reactions
  • Lower detection limits / trace concentrations
  • Higher dynamic range photometry
  • AO wavefront sensing on weaker signals
  • Extremely narrowband filters (e.g. Solar)
  • Fluorescence down to single ultra-cold atoms

Marana 4.2B-11: Superior Field of View


The Marana 4.2B-11 is the detector of choice when field of view and sensitivity are required. Andor’s unique glow suppression approach enables you to usefully and uniquely access the entire 2048 x 2048 pixel array of the GSense 400 BSI sensor, offering an impressive 32 mm sensor diagonal. Marana 4.2B-11 presents an exclusive solution for capturing a large field of view across a wide range of exposure conditions, from microseconds up to several seconds.
 
How do we benefit from a larger field of view?
  • Search more sky – Space Debris and NEO tracking
  • Capture Sun Spots & Solar Flares
  • Tomography – reconstruct larger objects without sacrificing resolution
  • Wafer inspection with high throughput (266 nm)
 
 

Key Features

Large Field of View


The 32 mm sensor diagonal of Marana 4.2B-11 covers more sky at high resolution in astronomical observations, improving statistics of detection and tracking.
 
Fast Sensor Readout

Taking only 13.5 milliseconds (4.2B-6) or 42 milliseconds (4.2B-11) per 16-bit full frame readout, Marana can measure photometric variability across a wide range of timescales,
ideal for imaging rapid celestial changes and fast measurements of Quantum Gas dynamics.
 
Extended Dynamic Range

On-chip dual-amplifier design means the whole photometric range, from the noise floor up to the saturation limit, can be captured with one image. The wide dynamic range is complimented by enhanced on-head intelligence to deliver linearity > 99.7%, for unparalleled quantitative photometric accuracy across the full signal range. Combine with fast image stacking (accumulation) to extend dynamic range even further.
 
Highly Sensitive

The back-illuminated sensors of Marana ensure a peak QE of 95%, with broad response across the UV-VIS-NIR range. The massively parallel readout architecture and innovative pixel design enables Marana to drive very low read noise performance, < 2 e-, while still achieving maximum readout speed and full dynamic range. Marana 4.2B-6 offers a
further low noise mode to achieve 1.2 e- noise at reduced pixel well depth – ideal for fluorescent quantum gas measurements of low atom numbers.
 
 

 

 

Application Focus

 Solar System Objects


A Near-Earth Object (NEO) is any small SolarSystem body whose orbit brings it into proximity with Earth. Over 20,000 known Near Earth Asteroids have been discovered, of which almost 1000 are larger than 1 km. The inventory is much less complete for smaller objects, which still have potential for large scale damage. While asteroids are constantly being eliminated from our solar system, unfortunately new ones are pulled into orbit. Thus, NEO surveys are required as an ongoing discipline in astronomy. The large field of view, very high sensitivity and fast readout of Marana 4.2B-11 is ideal for enhancing statistics of object detection, either directly visualised or byoccultation.

 

 

Different Modes for Marana

Imaging Mode 4.2 B-11

Frame rate table

 

Multi-track Mode 4.2B-11

Vertically binned tracks (overlap ON)
 
Technical Data
marana Data
 
Marana 4.2B-6 Purchase Flexibility
Don't want to commit to CoaXPress connectivity from the outset? If preferred, order the less expensive USB 3.0-only version and later avail of a simple in-field upgrade to CoaXPress capability, using the CHAM-UPG-CXP code, if and when additional speed is needed. The upgrade includes CoaXPress card, cable and remote session to upgrade camera firmware and unlock
CoaXPress capability. Please contact your sales representative for more information.
marana con
Items shipped with your camera
1x USB 3.0 PCIe card
1x USB 3.0 Cable (3 m)
1x Multi I/O Timing Cable (BNC to D-type: 1.5 m)
1x 15 V PSU
1x Country specific power cord
1x User manuals in electronic format
1x Quickstart Guide
1x Individual system performance booklet Marana 4.2B-6 with CoaXPress also includes:
1x CoaXPress 3.0 PCIe card with external trigger
1x CoaXPress Cable (3 m)
1x Multi I/O Timing Cable (BNC to SMB: 1.5 m
Quantum Efficiency
All cameras in the Marana platform feature back-illuminated sensor architecture which allows collection of light from the sample without circuitry blocking the photosensitive area of the detector. For best UV response, please select the UV-responsive window (‘VUV-NIR’) as part of the order process. To see transmission curves for Marana, please access the Camera Window Selector tool: andor.oxinst.com/camera-window-selector
 
marana qe
 
Flexible Connectivity
1. USB 3.0
A convenient, universally available high speed interface.
2. TTL / Logic
Connector type: 15-way D-type to BNC cable with Fire (Output), External Trigger (Input), Shutter (Output).
3. CoaXPress (Marana 4.2B-6 only)
CoaXPress (2 lane) offers the highest speed data interface
W. Water Cooling
Connection to recirculator or other water/ liquid cooling system is possible for maximum sensitivity.
P. Power
Connection to PSU refer to power requirements 
Notes: Minimum cable clearance required at rear of camera: 100 mm.
 
Mechanical Drawings
 
marana drawing 
 

How to Select a Window for your Camera

Camera Windows Selector (external Link)

Select the required accessories

  Order Code   Description
 ACC-MEC-11936  C-mount - convert Marana 4.2B-11 to C-mount (for use with smaller Regions of Interest)
 F-MOUNT-ADP-KIT  F-mount - F-mount kit used to convert Marana 4.2B-6 for use with F-mount lenses, (e.g. accessing smaller f#)
 MFL-KY-MARANA  Mounting flange for Kymera 328i and 193i spectrographs
 MFL-SR500-MARANA  Mounting flange for the Shamrock 500i
 XW-RECR  Re-circulator for enhanced cooling performance, (supplied with 2x2.5 m tubing as standard)
 ACC-XW-CHIL-160  Oasis 160 Ultra compact chiller unit (tubing to be ordered separately)

 ACC-6MM-TUBING-2X2.5

ACC-6MM-TUBING-2X5M

 6 mm tubing options for Oasis 160 Ultra compact chiller

(2x2.5 m or 2x5 m lengths)

6MM-HOSE-BARBS Pair of barbed hose inserts for 6 mm tubing
ACC-COAXP-CABLE-2020 CoaXPress cables: 30 m cables (set of 2x individual cables supplied)
 

Select the required software

Marana requires one of the following software options:
Solis Imaging
A 32-bit and fully 64-bit enabled application for Windows (8.1 and 10) offering rich functionality for data acquisition and processing. AndorBasic provides macro language control of data acquisition, processing, display and export.
Andor SDK3
A software development kit that allows you to control Andor sCMOS cameras from your own application. Available as a 32-bit or 64-bit library for Windows (8.1 and 10) and Linux. Compatible with C/C++, LabVIEW, MATLAB and Python.
GPU Express
Andor GPU Express library has been created to simplify and optimize data transfers from camera to a CUDA-enabled NVidia Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) card to facilitate accelerated GPU processing as part of the acquisition pipeline. Integrates easily with Andor SDK3 for Windows.
Third party software compatibility
Drivers are available for a variety of third party imaging packages. See Andor website for details ==> Third Party Software Matrix
 

Ultimate sCMOS Sensitivity

The Marana models contain a back-illuminated sCMOS sensor with up to 95% QE, complemented by market-leading vacuum cooling of the sensor for lowest noise floor. The Marana 4.2B-11 model features larger 11 µm pixels, optimal for maximum photon capture in light starved applications.

qe maranamarana vs zl41

Comparative Signal to Noise under low light conditions (10 incident photons per 100 µm2 sensor area) - Under identical low light optical conditions, the Marana 4.2B-11 with back-illumination and large pixel size is well suited to maximizing photon capture and Signal to Noise.

 

sCMOS Solutions for Extended Dynamic Range

Andor sCMOS cameras each offer an Extended Dynamic Range functionality, supported by a 16-bit data range. Harnessing an innovative ‘multi-amplifier’ sensor architecture, we can access the maximum pixel well depth AND the lowest noise simultaneously, ensuring that we can quantify extremely weak and relatively bright signal regions in one snap. In the physical sciences, high dynamic range capability is central to countless measurement types, such as in astronomical photometry.

dynamic range phys science

Measurements taken of a high dynamic range test chart using Marana 4.2B-11 in Extended Dynamic Range Mode, which enables accurate quantification of signal intensities that range from the noise floor detection limit to the full pixel well depth.

Furthermore, to achieve best in class quantification accuracy, Andor have implemented enhanced on-head intelligence to deliver market-leading linearity of > 99.7%.

Model Well Depth (e-) Dynamic Range
Marana 4.2B-11 85,000 53,000:1
Marana 4.2B-6 55,000 34,375:1
Balor 17F-12 80,000 27,586:1
ZL41 Wave 4.2 30,000 33,000:1
ZL41 Wave 5.5 30,000 33,000:1
 
 

APM Professional Telescopes

1m F/8 Ritchey Chrétien with dual Nasmyth Foci, Cape Town (South Africa)

Another large telescope for the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO). An 1m F/8 Alt-Az mounted Ritchey Chrétien for robotic use. It has dual Nasmyth Foci. The main telescopes used for research are located at the SAAO observing station (32°22.795’S 20°48,657’E) near Sutherland in the Northern Cape, a 4-hour drive from Cape Town.

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